Spectrofluorimetric determination of thiabendazole in a micellar medium

A sensitive, selective Spectrofluorimetric method has been developed for the determination of thiabendazole in a sodium dodecylsulphate micellar medium. The method features a linear determination range of 0.020-15 g and a detection limit of 0.2 ng/ml, with a relative standard deviation of less than 3%. By using a straightforward extraction procedure with ethyl acetate and hydrochloric acid, the method provided average thiabendazole recoveries above 96% from apple, pear and potato samples.     

Characterization of Wastes from Olive and Sugarbeet Processing Industries and Effects of Their Application upon the Organic Fraction of Agricultural Soils

Abstract

The lipidic fraction compositions of both concentrated vinasses, a by-product of the sugar industry, and a compost made basically from olive oil vegetation waters (alpechin) were studied. The alpechin lipids are composed mainly by series of n-alkanes and lineal and branched fatty acids, whereas the major lipids in vinasses were n-alkanes, n-alkanols and acetals. Concentrations and composition of lipids in both materials do not seem of concern.

Preliminary results on the effects of the application of both materials over two years on the organic status of an agricultural soil are also reported. No significant changes were observed in total organic carbon and contents in humic fractions and lipids before and after the applications. However, analysis by GC-MS of the lipid compounds present in bound forms in the subsoil layer revealed that some hydrophobic components were accumulated in the soil following the waste applications.     

基于供应链协同的生鲜农产品订货策略研究

针对生鲜农产品易变质易损耗的特点,提出了一种基于CPFR的供应链协同运作模式,实现信息共享,协同计划、预测与补货,协同集中决策机制.然后以多家供应商、一家批发商和多家零售商构成的生鲜农产品供应链系统为例,分析了库存损耗随时间和库存量变化,允许缺货,且由批发商协同集中订货的订货策略.     

N-(O,S-二甲基硫代磷酰基)α-L-氨基酸酯的合成及其杀虫活性

从α-L-氨基酸酯在摩尔级高产率制备了光学纯N-(O,S-二甲基硫代磷酰基)α-L-氨基酸酯. 利用IR,1H-NMR,摩尔旋光鉴定了结构特征,利用生物测试法研究了杀虫活性.4 种活性氨基酸杀虫剂在0.01% ～0.001% 浓度内,它们对两令棉铃虫的触杀死亡率为100% ～80% ,胃杀死亡率为95% ～50% ,而且杀虫活性有随活性氨基酸杀虫剂分子中R-基团碳链增长而增强的趋势.     

Synthesis of Cationic and Ampholytic Starch Graft Acrylamide and their Aqueous Salt Absorption

Acrylamide was grafted onto starch using ceric(IV) ion as initiator. Starch–graft-polyacrylamide was then modified through Mannich reaction using formaldehyde and diethylamine to give poly(N, N′-[(diethylamino) methyl]-acrylamide). The modified-graft copolymer was quaternized using different reagents; methyl iodide, n-butylbromide, sodium chloroacetate and propane sultone to give cationic and ampholytic graft materials. The absorbing properties of the produced materials toward deionized water and aqueous salt solutions were investigated. Studies of the absorbing properties of polyampholytes have revealed that these materials do not shrink upon increasing salt concentration. Kinetics of swelling in deionized water is also discussed.     

分散固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定农产品中乙拌磷及其代谢物

基于超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UHPLC-MS/MS)建立定量分析乙拌磷及其5个代谢物(乙拌磷砜、乙拌磷亚砜、内吸磷-S、内吸磷-S-砜、内吸磷-S-亚砜)的方法,应用该方法分析其在农产品(豌豆、芦笋、小麦、咖啡豆和花生)中的残留量。对样品前处理及色谱条件进行优化,样品经过乙腈涡旋提取(小麦、咖啡豆和花生先加水润湿),经盐析分层,取上清液经50 mg C₁₈、50 mg PSA和50 mg NH₂混合分散固相萃取净化后,经Thermo Syncronis C₁₈色谱柱(150 mm×2.1 mm, 5 μm)分离,柱温40 ℃,进样量2 μL,以水和乙腈为流动相梯度洗脱后,采用ESI源,在正离子扫描和多反应监测(MRM)模式下检测,外标法定量。结果表明,乙拌磷及其代谢物在2.0~200.0 μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(R²)≥0.9981。方法的检出限(LOD)为0.02~2.0 μg/kg,并以最小添加水平5 μg/kg为定量限(LOQ)。乙拌磷及其代谢物在豌豆、芦笋、小麦、咖啡豆和花生中5、100、1000 μg/kg 3个添加水平下的平均回收率为75.0%~110.0%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.7%~14.9%,方法的准确度和精密度符合农药残留测定。应用建立的方法对市售的40份小麦样品和40份花生样品进行检测,均低于方法的检出限。该方法具有操作简单、快速、灵敏、准确的特点,适用于谷物、油料、蔬菜等多种农产品中乙拌磷及其代谢物的残留检测。     

基于VMD-ELM的农产品期货价格分解集成预测模型

为了捕捉农产品市场期货价格波动的复杂特征,进一步提高其预测精度,基于分解集成的思想,构建包含变分模态分解(VMD)和极限学习机(ELM)的分解集成预测模型。首先,利用VMD分解的自适应性和非递归性,选择VMD将复杂时间序列分解成多个模态分量(IMF)。其次,针对VMD分解关键参数模态数K的选取难题,提出基于最小模糊熵准则寻找最优K值的方法,有效避免模态混淆和端点效应问题,从而提升VMD的分解能力。最后,利用ELM强大的学习能力和泛化能力,对VMD分解得到的不同尺度子序列进行预测,集成得到最终预测结果。以CBOT交易所稻谷、小麦、豆粕期货价格作为研究对象,实证结果表明,该分解集成预测模型在预测精度和方向性指标上,显著优于单预测模型和其它分解集成预测模型,为农产品期货价格预测提供了一种新途径。     

“四环递进”教学法在农科高等数学教学中的尝试

简要介绍在中学理科教学中广泛使用的一种方法——"四环递进"教学法.结合教学实际,阐述在农科院校高等数学教学中应用该方法的必要性与可行性.通过实例说明如何使用该方法,并通过实际数据说明该方法在高等数学教学中的有效性.     

基于乡镇的农业信息网络化管理系统建立

运用层次分析法分析了农业信息化进程中存在的主要问题是体制问题、人才问题、资金技术问题.阻碍信息传输的瓶颈是因为乡(镇)这个信息上传下达的枢纽没有建立真正有效的信息管理系统.构建了基于基层乡(镇)的农业信息网络化管理系统,主要包括乡(镇)信息中心、村信息站、上级主管部门、涉农机构、科研院所以及若干个信息员组成,以乡镇农业信息服务和数据采集为核心,以信息采集、综合上传和服务农户为目标.该系统的建立,将会有效促进信息采集、传输的时效性和准确性,必将会极大地促进基层农村信息化的发展.